import io as StringIO
import re
import string
from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Match, Optional, TextIO, Tuple

from .metrics_core import Metric
from .samples import Sample
from .validation import (
    _is_valid_legacy_metric_name, _validate_labelname, _validate_metric_name,
)


def text_string_to_metric_families(text: str) -> Iterable[Metric]:
    """Parse Prometheus text format from a unicode string.

    See text_fd_to_metric_families.
    """
    yield from text_fd_to_metric_families(StringIO.StringIO(text))


ESCAPE_SEQUENCES = {
    '\\\\': '\\',
    '\\n': '\n',
    '\\"': '"',
}


def replace_escape_sequence(match: Match[str]) -> str:
    return ESCAPE_SEQUENCES[match.group(0)]


HELP_ESCAPING_RE = re.compile(r'\\[\\n]')
ESCAPING_RE = re.compile(r'\\[\\n"]')


def _replace_help_escaping(s: str) -> str:
    return HELP_ESCAPING_RE.sub(replace_escape_sequence, s)


def _replace_escaping(s: str) -> str:
    return ESCAPING_RE.sub(replace_escape_sequence, s)


def _is_character_escaped(s: str, charpos: int) -> bool:
    num_bslashes = 0
    while (charpos > num_bslashes
           and s[charpos - 1 - num_bslashes] == '\\'):
        num_bslashes += 1
    return num_bslashes % 2 == 1


def parse_labels(labels_string: str, openmetrics: bool = False) -> Dict[str, str]:
    labels: Dict[str, str] = {}

    # Copy original labels
    sub_labels = labels_string.strip()
    if openmetrics and sub_labels and sub_labels[0] == ',':
        raise ValueError("leading comma: " + labels_string)
    try:
        # Process one label at a time
        while sub_labels:
            # The label name is before the equal, or if there's no equal, that's the
            # metric name.
            
            name_term, value_term, sub_labels = _next_term(sub_labels, openmetrics)
            if not value_term:
                if openmetrics:
                    raise ValueError("empty term in line: " + labels_string)
                continue
            
            label_name, quoted_name = _unquote_unescape(name_term)
                
            if not quoted_name and not _is_valid_legacy_metric_name(label_name):
                raise ValueError("unquoted UTF-8 metric name")
                
            # Check for missing quotes 
            if not value_term or value_term[0] != '"':
                raise ValueError

            # The first quote is guaranteed to be after the equal.
            # Make sure that the next unescaped quote is the last character.
            i = 1
            while i < len(value_term):
                i = value_term.index('"', i)
                if not _is_character_escaped(value_term[:i], i):
                    break
                i += 1
            # The label value is between the first and last quote
            quote_end = i + 1
            if quote_end != len(value_term):
                raise ValueError("unexpected text after quote: " + labels_string)

            label_value, _ = _unquote_unescape(value_term)
            if label_name == '__name__':
                _validate_metric_name(label_name)
            else:
                _validate_labelname(label_name)
            if label_name in labels:
                raise ValueError("invalid line, duplicate label name: " + labels_string)
            labels[label_name] = label_value
        return labels
    except ValueError:
        raise ValueError("Invalid labels: " + labels_string)
    

def _next_term(text: str, openmetrics: bool) -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
    """Extract the next comma-separated label term from the text. The results
    are stripped terms for the label name, label value, and then the remainder
    of the string including the final , or }.
    
    Raises ValueError if the term is empty and we're in openmetrics mode.
    """
    
    # There may be a leading comma, which is fine here.
    if text[0] == ',':
        text = text[1:]
        if not text:
            return "", "", ""
        if text[0] == ',':
            raise ValueError("multiple commas")

    splitpos = _next_unquoted_char(text, '=,}')
    if splitpos >= 0 and text[splitpos] == "=":
        labelname = text[:splitpos]
        text = text[splitpos + 1:]
        splitpos = _next_unquoted_char(text, ',}')
    else:
        labelname = "__name__"

    if splitpos == -1:
        splitpos = len(text)
    term = text[:splitpos]
    if not term and openmetrics:
        raise ValueError("empty term:", term)
    
    rest = text[splitpos:]
    return labelname, term.strip(), rest.strip()


def _next_unquoted_char(text: str, chs: Optional[str], startidx: int = 0) -> int:
    """Return position of next unquoted character in tuple, or -1 if not found.
    
    It is always assumed that the first character being checked is not already
    inside quotes.
    """
    in_quotes = False
    if chs is None:
        chs = string.whitespace

    for i, c in enumerate(text[startidx:]):
        if c == '"' and not _is_character_escaped(text, startidx + i):
            in_quotes = not in_quotes
        if not in_quotes:
            if c in chs:
                return startidx + i
    return -1


def _last_unquoted_char(text: str, chs: Optional[str]) -> int:
    """Return position of last unquoted character in list, or -1 if not found."""
    i = len(text) - 1
    in_quotes = False
    if chs is None:
        chs = string.whitespace
    while i > 0:
        if text[i] == '"' and not _is_character_escaped(text, i):
            in_quotes = not in_quotes
            
        if not in_quotes:
            if text[i] in chs:
                return i
        i -= 1
    return -1


def _split_quoted(text, separator, maxsplit=0):
    """Splits on split_ch similarly to strings.split, skipping separators if
    they are inside quotes.
    """

    tokens = ['']
    x = 0
    while x < len(text):
        split_pos = _next_unquoted_char(text, separator, x)
        if split_pos == -1:
            tokens[-1] = text[x:]
            x = len(text)
            continue
        # If the first character is the separator keep going. This happens when
        # there are double whitespace characters separating symbols.
        if split_pos == x:
            x += 1
            continue

        if maxsplit > 0 and len(tokens) > maxsplit:
            tokens[-1] = text[x:]
            break
        tokens[-1] = text[x:split_pos]
        x = split_pos + 1
        tokens.append('')
    return tokens


def _unquote_unescape(text):
    """Returns the string, and true if it was quoted."""
    if not text:
        return text, False
    quoted = False
    text = text.strip()
    if text[0] == '"':
        if len(text) == 1 or text[-1] != '"':
            raise ValueError("missing close quote")
        text = text[1:-1]
        quoted = True
    if "\\" in text:
        text = _replace_escaping(text)
    return text, quoted


# If we have multiple values only consider the first
def _parse_value_and_timestamp(s: str) -> Tuple[float, Optional[float]]:
    s = s.lstrip()
    separator = " "
    if separator not in s:
        separator = "\t"
    values = [value.strip() for value in s.split(separator) if value.strip()]
    if not values:
        return float(s), None
    value = _parse_value(values[0])
    timestamp = (_parse_value(values[-1]) / 1000) if len(values) > 1 else None
    return value, timestamp


def _parse_value(value):
    value = ''.join(value)
    if value != value.strip() or '_' in value:
        raise ValueError(f"Invalid value: {value!r}")
    try:
        return int(value)
    except ValueError:
        return float(value)
    

def _parse_sample(text):
    separator = " # "
    # Detect the labels in the text
    label_start = _next_unquoted_char(text, '{')
    if label_start == -1 or separator in text[:label_start]:
        # We don't have labels, but there could be an exemplar.
        name_end = _next_unquoted_char(text, ' \t')
        name = text[:name_end].strip()
        if not _is_valid_legacy_metric_name(name):
            raise ValueError("invalid metric name:" + text)
        # Parse the remaining text after the name
        remaining_text = text[name_end + 1:]
        value, timestamp = _parse_value_and_timestamp(remaining_text)
        return Sample(name, {}, value, timestamp)
    name = text[:label_start].strip()
    label_end = _next_unquoted_char(text[label_start:], '}') + label_start
    labels = parse_labels(text[label_start + 1:label_end], False)
    if not name:
        # Name might be in the labels
        if '__name__' not in labels:
            raise ValueError
        name = labels['__name__']
        del labels['__name__']
    elif '__name__' in labels:
        raise ValueError("metric name specified more than once")
    # Parsing labels succeeded, continue parsing the remaining text
    remaining_text = text[label_end + 1:]
    value, timestamp = _parse_value_and_timestamp(remaining_text)
    return Sample(name, labels, value, timestamp)


def text_fd_to_metric_families(fd: TextIO) -> Iterable[Metric]:
    """Parse Prometheus text format from a file descriptor.

    This is a laxer parser than the main Go parser,
    so successful parsing does not imply that the parsed
    text meets the specification.

    Yields Metric's.
    """
    name = ''
    documentation = ''
    typ = 'untyped'
    samples: List[Sample] = []
    allowed_names = []

    def build_metric(name: str, documentation: str, typ: str, samples: List[Sample]) -> Metric:
        # Munge counters into OpenMetrics representation
        # used internally.
        if typ == 'counter':
            if name.endswith('_total'):
                name = name[:-6]
            else:
                new_samples = []
                for s in samples:
                    new_samples.append(Sample(s[0] + '_total', *s[1:]))
                    samples = new_samples
        metric = Metric(name, documentation, typ)
        metric.samples = samples
        return metric

    for line in fd:
        line = line.strip()

        if line.startswith('#'):
            parts = _split_quoted(line, None, 3)
            if len(parts) < 2:
                continue
            candidate_name, quoted = '', False
            if len(parts) > 2:
                # Ignore comment tokens
                if parts[1] != 'TYPE' and parts[1] != 'HELP':
                    continue
                candidate_name, quoted = _unquote_unescape(parts[2])
                if not quoted and not _is_valid_legacy_metric_name(candidate_name):
                    raise ValueError
            if parts[1] == 'HELP':
                if candidate_name != name:
                    if name != '':
                        yield build_metric(name, documentation, typ, samples)
                    # New metric
                    name = candidate_name
                    typ = 'untyped'
                    samples = []
                    allowed_names = [candidate_name]
                if len(parts) == 4:
                    documentation = _replace_help_escaping(parts[3])
                else:
                    documentation = ''
            elif parts[1] == 'TYPE':
                if len(parts) < 4:
                    raise ValueError
                if candidate_name != name:
                    if name != '':
                        yield build_metric(name, documentation, typ, samples)
                    # New metric
                    name = candidate_name
                    documentation = ''
                    samples = []
                typ = parts[3]
                allowed_names = {
                    'counter': [''],
                    'gauge': [''],
                    'summary': ['_count', '_sum', ''],
                    'histogram': ['_count', '_sum', '_bucket'],
                }.get(typ, [''])
                allowed_names = [name + n for n in allowed_names]
        elif line == '':
            # Ignore blank lines
            pass
        else:
            sample = _parse_sample(line)
            if sample.name not in allowed_names:
                if name != '':
                    yield build_metric(name, documentation, typ, samples)
                # New metric, yield immediately as untyped singleton
                name = ''
                documentation = ''
                typ = 'untyped'
                samples = []
                allowed_names = []
                yield build_metric(sample[0], documentation, typ, [sample])
            else:
                samples.append(sample)

    if name != '':
        yield build_metric(name, documentation, typ, samples)